A.Ellis著「History of Musical Pitch」 (Macdonald London, 1881)より
From H.Helmholtz,「On the Sensations of Tone」 pp.495-504
| Vibrations per second (A) | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| LOW PITCH CHURCH | ||
| 391 | Andreas Silbermann's pitch, Strassburg Minster | 1714 |
| 392 | Euler's clavichords, St.Petersburg | 1739 |
| 395 | Trinity College Organ, Cambridge | 1759 |
| 396 | Organ in Versailles Chapel | 1789 |
| LOW CHAMBER PITCH | ||
| 407 | Pitch of Spinet measured by Sauveur in Paris | 1713 |
| 408 | Pitch for tuning Stringed instruments (Mattheson) Hamburg | 1762 |
| 409 | Court Clavecins, Paris | 1783 |
| 414.4 | Clavichord, Breslau | 1776 |
| "MEAN" PITCH | ||
| 415 | G.Silbermann's organ in chief R.C.Church in Dresden | 1780 |
| 422 | Mozart's pianos (Stein's tuning fork) | 1780 |
| 422.5 | Handel's tuning fork | 1751 |
| to 423 | Dresden Opera under Weber | 1815-1821 |
| " | Opera Comique, Paris | 1820 |
| " | Westminster Abbey organ | 1820 |
| 427 | Paris Opera | 1811 |
| "COMPROMISE" PITCH | ||
| 433 | Sir George Smart's tuning fork | 1828 |
| 435 | French Diapason Normal | 1859 |
| 439 | New Philharmonic | 1896 |
| MODERN ORCHESTRAL AND "ANCIENT MEDIUM" PITCH | ||
| 440 | International Standard pitch | 1939 |
| 440 | Paris Conservatoire | 1812 |
| 440 | Paris Opera Comique | 1829 |
| 440 | Dresdan Opera | 1862 |
| 440 | Scheibler's Stuttgart pitch for music industries | 1834 |
| 441 | Covent Garden Opera | 1878 |
| 444.6 | St.Paul's Cathedral Organ | 1877 |
| 446 | Broadwood's Medium Pitch | 1849-1880 |
| 447 | Vienna Opera | 1878 |
| " | Paris Opera | 1858 |
| 449 | Leipzip Gewandhaus Concert | 1859 |
| 451 | British and Belgian Intruments Standard | 1879 |
| 452 | International Exhibition of Inventions and Music, London | 1885 |
| 453 | Kneller Hall Military School | 1878 |
| " | London Philharmonic Concerts | 1846-1854 |
| 455.3 | Pitch of Erard, Broadwood, Steinway and Brinsmead pianofortes | 1880 |
| " | Highest Philharmonic Pitch | 1880 |
| 457 | American Steinway Pianofortes | 1890 |